The 7 Deadly Sins, defined

I’ll define them here. I could go at length providing examples but I think, if you’re a reader here, you’re so smart you don’t need examples. You can find enough within your own past to recognize these sins, pray and confess them through The Christ, and beg for cleansing, forgiveness and help with your personal repentance.

LUST

Lust is a strong passion or longing, especially for sexual desires.

The Bible speaks about lust in 2 Timothy 2:22, “Flee also youthful lusts; but pursue righteousness, faith, love [and] peace…”

The Bible also mentions lust in the following verses: Job 31:1, Matthew 5:28, Philippians 4:8, James 1:14-15, 1 Peter 2:11 and 1 John 2:16.

Chastity or self-control cures lust by controlling passion and leveraging that energy for the good of others.

Gluttony

Gluttony is an excessive and ongoing eating of food or drink.

1 Corinthians 10:31 says, “Therefore, whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do, do all to the glory of God.”

Additional Bible references include: Psalm 78:17-19, Philippians 3:19-20, Proverbs 23:1-3, Proverbs 23:19-21 and 1 Corinthians 3:16-17.

Temperance cures gluttony by implanting the desire to be healthy, therefore making one fit to serve others.

Greed

Greed is an excessive pursuit of material goods.

The Bible says the following in Hebrews 13:5, “Let your conduct be without covetousness; be content with such things as you have. For He Himself has said, ‘I will never leave you nor forsake you.’”

Other biblical texts which mention greed include: Exodus 20:17, Proverbs 11:24, Proverbs 28:25, Ecclesiastes 5:10, Philippians 4:6 and 1 Timothy 6:9-10.

Charity cures greed by putting the desire to help others above storing up treasure for one’s self.

Sloth

Sloth is an excessive laziness or the failure to act and utilize one’s talents.

Solomon spoke of sloth in Proverbs 6:6 saying, “Go to the ant, you sluggard! Consider her ways and be wise.”

The Bible also mentions sloth in the following verses: Proverbs 13:4, Proverbs 24:33-34, Romans 12:11-13, Colossians 3:23 and 2 Thessalonians 3:10.

Diligence or zeal cures slothfulness by placing the interest of others above a life of ease and relaxation. Do your work as if you’re doing it for God.

Wrath

Wrath is a strong anger and hate towards another person.

The Bible speaks about wrath in Romans 12:19, “Beloved, never avenge yourselves, but leave it to the wrath of God, for it is written, ‘Vengeance is mine, I will repay, says the Lord.’”

Additional Bible verses include: Psalm 37:8, Proverbs 14:29, Proverbs 15:1, Ephesians 4:26-27, Colossians 3:8 and James 1:19-20.

Patience cures wrath by one first understanding the needs and desires of others before acting or speaking.

Envy

Envy is the intense desire to have an item that someone else possesses.

The Bible says the following in Proverbs 14:30, “A sound heart is life to the body, But envy is rottenness to the bones.”

Other biblical texts which mention envy include: Job 5:2, Psalm 37:1, Proverbs 24:19-20, Ecclesiastes 4:4, Galatians 5:26 and James 3:14-16.

Kindness cures envy by placing the desire to help others above the need to supersede them.

Pride

Pride is an excessive view of one’s self without regard for others.

The Bible says the following in Jeremiah 9:23-24, “…Let not the mighty man boast of his might…but let him who boasts boast of this, that he understands and knows Me…”

Pride is also mentioned in the following verses: Proverbs 8:13, Proverbs 16:18, Romans 12:16, 1 Corinthians 13:4, Galatians 6:3 and James 4:6-7.

Humility cures pride by removing one’s ego and boastfulness, therefore allowing the attitude of service.

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Seven sins & the early church

Please note, the early church classified the seven deadly sins as cardinal sins or capital vices and taught that they could not be forgiven. However, according to the Bible these 7 deadly sins are completely and totally forgivable by God, but this doesn’t give free license to commit these sins. Biblically, the only sin that cannot be forgiven is complete rejection of God’s grace which is outright rebellion against God, also known as blasphemy against the Holy Spirit.

First, every sin can be forgiven, even the seven deadly sins. Whew—you can rest easier now.

What is the unpardonable sin?

Jesus Himself said in Matthew 12:31, “Therefore I say to you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven men, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven men.” If a person truly listens to the promptings of the Holy Spirit and asks for pardon and forgiveness that person is not guilty of blasphemy against the Holy Spirit. Let’s discover more about the second part of the verse below.

Is there a sin that cannot be forgiven?

Yes, blasphemy against the Holy Spirit is any sin that a person clings to by continually resisting the convicting power of the Holy Spirit. Keep in mind that there is not one specific sin that is unforgivable, such as lying, stealing or murder, but rather a perpetual hardening of the heart and willfully sinning against God and man (1 Timothy 4:2; Titus 1:15). In Acts 7:51, Stephen says the following to the Pharisees, “You stiff-necked and uncircumcised in heart and ears! You always resist the Holy Spirit; as your fathers did, so do you.” In a nutshell, the unpardonable sin is any sin that a person doesn’t want to give up, confess, or even ask forgiveness for and additionally doesn’t want to hear any more about it from the Holy Spirit.

Any sin mankind wants pardon for is forgivable. However, if we turn our backs on the voice of the Holy Spirit we begin to silence His convictions and eventually we cannot hear His convicting power. This effectively blocks the working of God in our lives because we have reached a point where we are unable to respond to the promptings of the Holy Spirit.

Consider this illustration of the unpardonable sin.Imagine you are tired of the Holy Spirit convicting you of a particular pet sin. You want to completely remove His promptings even though the voice is warning you of danger and lovingly trying to show you the right path. So what do you do? You begin building a theoretical brick wall to block your conviction. Each brick in the wall represents a singular time you reject the conviction of the Holy Spirit. As you continue to reject the Holy Spirit, the “voice” you hear gets softer and softer. You become more and more confident in your current pathway of life. Eventually, as you lay more and more bricks down you cannot hear the Holy Spirit anymore, thus effectively cutting off your way of repentance and therefore salvation.

Good news

The good news is this—if a person still desires forgiveness and confesses their sins, those sins will be forgiven and blotted out. As long as you are under conviction, which is the Holy Spirit’s job (John 16:8) and you want to be forgiven you are not guilty of the unpardonable sin. Consider the following Bible verses.

Abundant pardon for all

1 John 1:9 = “If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.”
Ezekiel 33:11 = “Say to them: ‘As I live,’ says the Lord God, ‘I have no pleasure in the death of the wicked, but that the wicked turn from his way and live. Turn, turn from your evil ways! For why should you die, O house of Israel?’”
1 Timothy 1:13-15 = “Although I [Paul] was formerly a blasphemer, a persecutor, and an insolent man; but I obtained mercy because I did it ignorantly in unbelief. And the grace of our Lord was exceedingly abundant, with faith and love which are in Christ Jesus. This is a faithful saying and worthy of all acceptance, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners, of whom I am chief.”

Take a look at your life

Do you have any bricks that need to be removed? Do you hear the Holy Spirit calling you to remove some walls in your life so that Jesus can freely communicate and spend time with you? Why not follow the promptings of the Holy Spirit right now and ask for help breaking down any wall of separation between you and God.

The root cause of these sins

Each one of these deadly sins has its root in the desire for more and the human failure brought to us through Satan. Each sin goes against the love for God, love for our fellow man, and love for our bodies (keeping them as clean temples for God,

1 Corinthians 6:19-20). Paul writes in Philippians 4:11-12, “I have learned to be content in whatever circumstances I am.” This strikes at the root of each of these deadly sins. Paul in effect is saying that God can take care of our needs and there is no need to lust or desire after excessive things.

What cures these deadly sins?

The cure for these sins is the gift of a new heart that acts in accordance with the love and law of God. This new heart can only come from God. Ezekiel 36:26-27 says, “I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit within you; I will take the heart of stone out of your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. I will put My Spirit within you and cause you to walk in My statutes, and you will keep My judgments and do them.” Humanity’s only hope is the miracle of a regenerated heart that acts according to the direction of the Holy Spirit to walk in God’s statutes and judgments.

Personal Query: Which of the seven deadly sins are yours? Can you remember incidents related and be forgiveness through The Christ Jesus?

Power does not come from self to change the heart. On the contrary, this verse clearly points out that God alone gives you a new heart and causes you to walk in His ways. As this event becomes a reality in your life, the seven deadly sins of gluttony, envy, sloth, wrath, pride, lust, and greed will lose their power in your life. With the indwelling Holy Spirit in your life, you will instead desire to live a life based upon the principles of the Bible.

History of the seven deadly sins

The seven deadly sins were first compiled by Pope Gregory I around the year 600. They are pride, greed, lust, wrath, gluttony, envy, and sloth. Gregory also compiled a list of the seven virtues: faith, hope, charity, justice, prudence, temperance, and fortitude. The Bible would validate all of these concepts, but nowhere are they recorded in a list like this and nowhere in the Bible are they specifically referred to as the seven deadly sins or seven virtues. They do not pre-date the Ten Commandments which were given at Mt. Sinai around 1450 B.C. It is probably true that they were used extensively to teach principles from God’s Word, particularly in the centuries before the invention of the printing press when the Bible was not available for the common man to read and study.

Seven deadly sins in the Bible

As mentioned before, the list of seven deadly sins in question does not appear in any Bible verse. However, a slightly different set of sins can be found in Proverbs 6:16-19, “These six things the Lord hates, yes, seven are an abomination to Him:

A proud look,
a lying tongue,
hands that shed innocent blood,
A heart that devises wicked plans,
feet that are swift in running to evil,
A false witness who speaks lies,
and one who sows discord among brethren.”

Additionally, Galatians 5:19-21 mentions several more sins to be on our guard against: “Now the deeds of the flesh are evident, which are: immorality, impurity, sensuality, idolatry, sorcery, enmities, strife, jealousy, outbursts of anger, disputes, dissensions, factions, envying, drunkenness, carousing, and things like these, of which I forewarn you, just as I have forewarned you, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.”

The Seven Virtues

The seven virtues were originally defined in the poem, Psychomachia, by Aurelius Clemens Prudentius, a Christian governor who died around 410 A.D. Because of the poem’s prevalence the concept and idea of the seven virtues spread throughout Europe. The following is a listing of the seven virtues and how they cure each of the seven deadly sins:

Kindness= cures envy by placing the desire to help others above the need to supersede them.
Temperance= cures gluttony by implanting the desire to be healthy, therefore making one fit to serve others.
Charity or love = cures greed by putting the desire to help others above storing up treasure for one’s self.
Chastity or self-control = cures lust by controlling passion and leveraging that energy for the good of others.
Humility= removing one’s pride and boastfulness, therefore allowing the attitude of service.
Diligence or Zeal = cures slothfulness by placing the best interest of others above the life of ease and relaxation.
Patience = cures wrath by taking time to understand the needs and desires of others before acting or speaking. If you have stopped seeking to remain self proud there is no need to defend yourself. You do not need to obtain their approval. You don’t have to prove anything to anyone.

Whether we be Catholic or not, you can’t go wrong with these virtues!

Bible and Church History

Understanding Biblical and Church history will help us learn and avoid making mistakes.
Romans 15:4 says, “For whatever things were written before were written for our learning, that we through the patience and comfort of the Scriptures might have hope.”

1 Corinthians 10:11 also says, “Now all these things happened to them as examples, and they were written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the ages have come.”

Remembering the past gives strength.
Deuteronomy 32:7-8 says, “‘Remember the days of old, consider the years of many generations. Ask your father, and he will show you; your elders, and they will tell you: when the Most High divided their inheritance to the nations, when He separated the sons of Adam, He set the boundaries of the peoples according to the number of the children of Israel.’”

We should teach our children what God has done in our lives and in Bible times.
Deuteronomy 4:9-10 says, “Only take heed to yourself, and diligently keep yourself, lest you forget the things your eyes have seen, and lest they depart from your heart all the days of your life. And teach them to your children and your grandchildren, especially concerning the day you stood before the Lord your God in Horeb, when the Lord said to me, ‘Gather the people to Me, and I will let them hear My words, that they may learn to fear Me all the days they live on the earth, and that they may teach their children.’”

History often repeats itself. Remember there is nothing new under the sun.
Ecclesiastes 1:9-10 says, “That which has been is what will be, that which is done is what will be done, and there is nothing new under the sun. Is there anything of which it may be said, ‘See, this is new’? It has already been in ancient times before us.’”

Aside from Christ and the biblical writers, no one man may have exerted more influence on the Christian Church than Constantine.

In fact, his mark remains with us to this day, and it is deeply embedded in the structure and function of many denominations. Constantine the Great’s ascension to the throne is a fascinating story full of twists and mystery. Truth be told, it’s almost an implausible story.

Who was Constantine the Great?

The life of Constantine begins with a general named Flavius Constantius III. History records that while staying at an inn, he asked the innkeeper to provide him with a female companion for a one-night stand; apparently, this was quite common in those days. For reasons unknown to us, the innkeeper commanded his 16-year-old virgin daughter to quench the general’s lusts.

The next morning, Constantius awoke with a deep sense of guilt and gave the family his tribunal cape, which had a buckle bearing his initials and rank. He then commanded the innkeeper to keep the girl pure, and if she were to become pregnant as a result of the previous night, to guard the child with his life. Constantius departed, leaving behind a young peasant girl named Helena who, unbeknownst to him, was now pregnant. Helena gave birth to a boy whom she named Constantine, after his father.

Years later, Constantius was promoted to governor of Dalmatia—a powerful position in those days. What takes place next is nearly miraculous. Approximately 10 years had passed since Constantius’ thoughtless, selfish act against an innocent girl. Likely, the story would have ended the morning Constantius left the inn, but a twist of events brought Helena and her son Constantine back to the historical landscape.

Constantine meets his father

While playing in the barn one day, nine-year-old Constantine apparently offended a couple of Roman soldiers. As punishment, they began beating the child. Helena, hearing the commotion and cries of her son, ran to confront the situation. She stopped the abuse by informing the soldiers that they were beating the governor’s son. They, of course, laughed her to shame. Nevertheless, she insisted, then proved it by showing them the once-tribune now-governor’s cape, which bore his name.

The soldiers, possibly fearing for their own safety, took the news back to Constantius, who embraced the idea of having a son and moved Constantine and Helena to his palace. Because Helena was a peasant, he was not able to marry her, so he chose a lesser form of marriage that the law allowed. This extended to her and her son certain rights—one of which was Constantius’ last name. In a stroke of a pen, Helena and Constantine went from rags to riches, and the way was paved for Constantine’s rise to power.

Constantine the Great rises to power

Constantine the Great would go on to become a powerful leader, eventually procuring the title of emperor. To realize this, he was forced to defeat Maxentius, who had—through conspiracy—maneuvered in such manner as to declare himself the emperor of Rome

This battle took place outside of the city of Rome around the Milvian Bridge over the Tiber River. Maxentius had consulted the Sibylline Books, which gave him assurance that he would win the battle. This news had made its way to Constantine’s camp. His men, being superstitious, immediately trembled.

In order to motivate his men, Constantine likely fabricated the story that he was given a message from the gods that he would be victorious. He told them that he had seen the chi-rho symbol and was told that this would guarantee a win. He ordered his men to paint the sign on their shields.

Maxentius, believing he would be victorious, left the protection of the city walls and mounted an attack against Constantine’s forces. Maxentius lost his life in the battle, and Constantine took all.

Prior to Constantine’s rule, and while he was rising through the ranks, the Romans had become dismayed with the Christian faith; persecution ensued. To the church of Smyrna, God wrote through John, in Revelation 2, that they would be tried for 10 days. Like clockwork, for exactly 10 years, horrific atrocities were committed against the Christians.

Was Constantine converted to Christianity?

There is no historical indication that Constantine was converted. In fact, he was not baptized until he was within weeks of the end of his life!

Being an emperor in his time involved leading armies, and calling for executions. In fact, Constantine was misled by his second wife and ordered his son’s execution, and then upon learning she had lied (to benefit her two boys) he ordered her executed too! Some will say this was his justification for waiting to the end of his life for baptism.

Constantine brought Christian persecution to an end when he came to power. There is no historical indication that Constantine was converted. In fact, he was not baptized until he was practically on his deathbed. However, his mother Helena was a Christian convert, and it’s most likely that Constantine saw in Christianity a cohesive method to unify the kingdom.

What he didn’t comprehend were the religion’s deep divisions. It wasn’t too long before he was putting out fires and, eventually, at the request of religious parties and factions who begged him to interfere, he married politics and religion. The result was a unification of church and state—a move that would be the catalyst to the egregious abuses that took place over the next 1,500 years during what has come to be known as the Dark Ages.

Constantine and the Bible

Some have suggested that it was Constantine who was responsible for putting the New Testament together with selected works of his choosing. But historical facts lay that theory to rest. Others have posited that Constantine made up the divinity of Christ and ratified this new theology at the Council of Nicaea. But the Bible writers and their works, which predate Constantine, clearly outline Christ’s divinity.

The fact is, many things that have been attributed to Constantine are simply not true.

Constantine the Great made Christianity popular. It’s also true that he joined church and state, then used force to punish those who would not toe the line of his Christian government. Finally, it’s true that Constantine paved the way for the rise of a religious Roman government that would prove to be horrific for many years.

The sign of the cross (Chi-rho)

And what about the Christian symbol—the chi-rho—which some have attributed to the beginning letters of the name Christ, and which Constantine said he received from the gods? What about the stories that he saw the sign superimposed on the sun, or as the historian Eusebius mentioned, the cross superimposed on the sun accompanied by a voice that said, “Conquer by this”? Well, it’s not what we’ve been told. In fact, there’s no mention of this or glory given to God when Constantine conquered Maxentius. Ten years would go by before he mentioned a vision with the chi-rho sign to Eusebius.

It appears that Constantine rallied his troops by concocting a supernatural, spiritual story…

Most likely, this was fiction. It appears that Constantine rallied his troops by concocting a supernatural, spiritual story and had them paint a chi-rho sign on their shields. Incidentally, this was not a Christian sign, but a pagan good luck symbol. By worldly standards, it was a brash and brilliant tactical move by Constantine to motivate his men, but it wasn’t Christian. Although he utilized the sign of the cross, there is no historical evidence that Constantine was truly converted to Christianity.

The chi-rho, a symbol of the new acceptance of Christianity by Constantine. This was painted upon all battle shields.

He claimed to be Christian. He went to church services but beyond that, we don’t know his mind. We know that as he grew too old and sickly to continue as a war waging emperor, he requested and received baptism in year 337, he died in May of that same year, after ruling for over 30-years. Sadly his son, Christus, who deserved to follow him, was murdered.

Constantine left a unified land under one leadership, a new city, “Constantinople” which had no previous pagan or Muslim history, several Christian churches, some new rule of law, an end to Christian persecution, and perhaps most importantly, the Nicene Creed, which was a grand attempt to bring peace and unity about doctrine to all Christians within the Roman empire.

Introduction to the Nicene Creed

This creed is acknowledged by name in Article 9 of our Confession of Faith.

It expresses the truth of Scripture concerning the doctrine of the Trinity, and it was occasioned by various errors with respect to that truth.

In its earliest form the creed was adopted by the Council of Nicea (A.D. 325) over against the heresy of Arianism. It was revised by the Council of Constantinople (A.D. 381), which enlarged the confession concerning the Holy Ghost.

The Latin, or Western, Church added to the article on the procession of the Holy Ghost the words, “and the Son,” (Latin: filioque), a change which has been maintained since the Council of Toledo (A.D. 589).

The Nicene Creed: Historical Notes

The Divinity of Jesus Christ

One of the characteristics of false gospels and cults is a corruption of Christian doctrine and with that a falsifying of Christian church history. With respect to the doctrine of the Trinity set forth in the Nicene Creed it is commonly claimed by these heretics that the doctrine in the creed was decided by the recently converted emperor Constantine. Such assertions are a deliberate deceit perpetrated on the ill-informed. The doctrine of the Trinity was set forth by the church father Athanasius who was the leading theologian of the church in that era and at the council. For a treatment of Athanasius and his history go to Portraits of Faithful Saints: Athanasius

The cults who make these false claims are themselves usually Arian heretics who want to teach that Jesus is like God, that he is a godlike being, but not true and eternal God. The creed was written expressly to condemn the Arian error. The most notable of these non-Christian cults are the so-called Jehovah’s Witnesses, followers of Russell, and publishers of the Watchtower.

There is a distinction to be made between an error and a heresy. An error is a misunderstanding of Scripture. An error becomes heresy when it is pointed out as error and false doctrine, and the one holding it persists, after having been shown his error, to continue in it willfully.

The point of the Nicene Creed, which builds on the Apostles Creed is to maintain faithfully the true, divine glory of Jesus Christ. The heart of the creed is the expression “…And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, begotten of the Father before all worlds; God of God, Light of Light, very God of very God; begotten, not made, being of one substance with the Father by whom all things were made.” The Creed has John 1:1-3, 14 directly in view. Jesus is God come in the flesh. This is also the testimony of the rest of Scripture. He is Immanuel, “God with us.” Isaiah 7:14; Matthew 1:23.

This is Jesus’ own claim. God in Exodus 3:14 reveals His divine name “I AM THAT I AM,” and tells Moses he is to say, “I AM hath sent me unto you.” Jesus in John 8:58 declares, “Before Abraham was, I am.” In John 10:30 Jesus says, “I and my Father are one. ” Jesus claims to be THE ETERNAL I AM, the living God. The unbelieving Jews understand exactly His claim. In John 10 they proceed to take up stones to stone Him, because, “thou being a man makest thyself God,” John 10:33. When Jesus is on trial before the Sanhedrin, the council of elders, He is put under oath by the High priest, “I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ, the Son of God,” Matthew 26:63. The point at issue in all of these confrontations is whether Jesus is divine. Jesus’ answer to the high priest is, “Thou hast said,” Matthew 26:64. This is an unmistakable “yes.” That Jesus is God is therefore His own testimony concerning Himself. See also Hebrews 1:1-3

The further revisions of the Nicene Creed did not alter the truth that Jesus is divine in any respect. It is the historic confession of true Biblical Christianity.

The double procession of the Holy Spirit

The original form of the Nicene Creed left one aspect of the Trinity unexplained and that is the relation between the Son and the Holy Spirit. The Eastern church, which styles itself “orthodox” was, after these councils, constantly rent by controversies over the person and natures of Christ and did not develop in doctrine. The western Latin- speaking church at that time had peace and continued to grow in the word.

To this growth belongs the addition to the creed of the expression “and the Son: to state the relation between the second and third persons of the Trinity. That the Spirit proceeds from or is sent of the Father is taught in John 15:26 and in John 14:26.

At issue in this development is the plain teaching of Scripture that the Spirit is sent of the Son and breathed forth of Him as well as the Father. Jesus speaks also of His sending the Spirit and coming in the Spirit. John 15:26; John 16:14, 15. Jesus also breathes forth the Spirit after His resurrection, “he breathed on them, and saith unto them, receive ye the Holy Ghost,” John 20:22. This sending forth of the Spirit is more than simply Jesus pouring out the Spirit on Pentecost. It is rooted in an eternal foundation within the divine life of God.

By this double procession God has communion of life within Himself as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, knows Himself and has an eternal communion of life in love and righteousness. It is thus that, “The Spirit searcheth all things, yea the deep things of God,” and God knows His own infinite glory, I Corinthians 2:10, 11.

This truth is also the foundation upon which rests the truth that Jesus Christ, the Son come in the flesh, is given the Spirit as His own Spirit and pours out the Spirit upon the church as the Spirit of Christ, the Spirit of the Mediator. Upon it rests also how it is that we by the Spirit have communion with Christ in heaven and by Him are brought into a communion of life with the triune God.

(This is the traditional creed. There’s a modern one but I’ll leave it to you to find that.)

Nicene Creed

We believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty,
maker of heaven and earth, of all that is seen and unseen.

We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ, the only Son of God,
eternally begotten of the Father,

God from God, Light from Light,
true God from true God, begotten not made, one in being with the Father.
Through him all things were made.
For us and for our salvation he came down from heaven;

by the power of the Holy Spirit
he was born of the Virgin Mary, and became man.

For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate,
he suffered, died, and was buried.
On the third day he rose again in fulfillment of the Scriptures;
he ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father.
He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead,
and his kingdom will have no end.

We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life,
who proceeds from the Father and the Son.
With the Father and the Son he is worshipped and glorified.
He has spoken through the prophets.

We believe in one, holy, catholic, and apostolic Church.
We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins.
We look for the resurrection of the dead,
and the life of the world to come.

Amen.

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